The aim The purpose of the research is to summarize the leading experience of European countries on the protection and prevention of the alcoholism problem among judges, attorneys and prosecutors as representatives of justice.
Materials and methods The subject under discussion has been considered based on sources on this issue (scientific publications, legal acts, decisions of judicial and quasijudicial institutions), using the method of content analysis, comparative and contrastive, analytical and biblio-semantic methods.
Conclusions Analysis of existing statistics as well as decisions of the disciplinary bodies of justice indicates the predisposition of justice representatives to alcohol dependency, which is caused by a number of reasons. Based on medical research, it is substantiated that stress is the determining factor in prompting a justice officer to use alcohol as a means capable of exerting an antidepressant effect. But in addition to quickly de-stress, alcohol is attractive for its availabilituch availability as financial, social and psychological, corporate, territorial, legislative one. It is argued that among the representatives of justice alcoholism has a harmful effect not only on their health. It has a negative impact on professional discipline and is fraught with de-ethicalization of representatives' of justice behavior. The alcohol dependence of justice officials can cause doubts on their competence, hold them accountable and undermine public confidence in the credibility of justice.The aim The purpose of this article is to conduct a thorough review and assessment of the exercise of the right to medical care for drug addicts, in particular in custody, through the analysis of international acts and strategies in the fight against drug addiction, as well as drug policies of individual States.
Materials and methods The study is based on the analysis of international documents, the drug control strategies, the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and analytical researches in this area. The article is based on dialectical, system and structural, comparative and legal methods, the method of analysis and synthesis.
Conclusions Ensuring human rights without any discrimination should be a priority in the politics of modern States. The implementation of prevention and rehabilitation programs based on scientific evidence is also important. The current situation, in which persons who use drugs experience significant restrictions of their rights and freedoms, is unacceptable.
Conclusions Ensuring human rights without any discrimination should be a priority in the politics of modern States. The implementation of prevention and rehabilitation programs based on scientific evidence is also important. The current situation, in which persons who use drugs experience significant restrictions of their rights and freedoms, is unacceptable.The aim The purpose of this paper is to identify and characterize the standards for assessing the health status of a person who is likely to have been mistreated during detention or custody.
Materials and methods The provisions of international regulations, as well as the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter - ECHR, Court) were studied in the preparation of the paper. A set of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used, in particular, the comparative-legal method, the system-structural method, the generalization method, the method of analysis and synthesis, and others.
Conclusions Medical examinations and forensic examinations of persons detained or incarcerated and alleging torture or mistreatment are appropriate provided that they comply with European standards set out in the case law of the ECHR and the recommendations of international organizations, which whereas will ensure the effectiveness of formal investigations of such facts.
Conclusions Medical examinations and forensic examinations of persons detained or incarcerated and alleging torture or mistreatment are appropriate provided that they comply with European standards set out in the case law of the ECHR and the recommendations of international organizations, which whereas will ensure the effectiveness of formal investigations of such facts.The aim To determine the grounds of involuntary admission of a mentally ill person in the context of the possibility to restrict his or her right to liberty.
Materials and methods The authors have studied and analyzed international legal acts, legislation of certain countries, judgments of the European Court of Human Rights, case law on involuntary admission of a mentally ill person by using philosophical, general and special scientific research methods.
Conclusions The imperfection of the legal regulation of relations concerning the involuntary admission of a mentally ill person leads to illegal restriction of the personal right to liberty. It has been proven that involuntary admission and restriction of the freedom of a mentally ill person can be justified, if we take into account the requirement of "therapeutic necessity" for a mentally ill person, the requirement of protecting the rights of others and guaranteeing their safety, the requirement of ensuring the best interests of a mentally ill person.
Conclusions The imperfection of the legal regulation of relations concerning the involuntary admission of a mentally ill person leads to illegal restriction of the personal right to liberty. It has been proven that involuntary admission and restriction of the freedom of a mentally ill person can be justified, if we take into account the requirement of "therapeutic necessity" for a mentally ill person, the requirement of protecting the rights of others and guaranteeing their safety, the requirement of ensuring the best interests of a mentally ill person.The aim To identify problems associated with non-medical genital surgery and establish the limits of acceptable medical intervention in such operations.
Materials and methods The study is based on a theoretical basis, which includes reviews of legislation, reports from non-governmental organizations, and is based on empirical data decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, international regulations, statistics of the World Health Organization. Systemic and structural, comparative legal and functional methods, systematization, analysis and synthesis were decisive in the research process.
Conclusions "Female genital mutilation" or "female circumcision" is essentially a separate type of bodily injury that is caused intentionally in accordance with various social domestic and religious traditions and beliefs of certain emigrant ethnical religious communities. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sis17.html Such actions are a form of discrimination and violation of women's rights on the basis of gender, as well as a form of child abuse, as the vast majority of such operations are carried out on girls under 12 years of age.